Other forms: political machines
In U.S. politics, when a party group with an extremely powerful leader controls an entire city, it's called a political machine.
When historians talk about political machines, they often use the example of New York City's Tammany Hall, a Democratic party group that exerted a huge amount of influence on the city's politics for decades. Political machines exert pressure on voters using money and other incentives. A charismatic leader who can "get out the vote" is typically at the top of the organization's hierarchy. Political machines don't refer to themselves that way — the term is used by critics of the group.